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电池续航优化笔记

本文从电池的实际特性出发,系统讲解了优化电池寿命的关键原则。作者以CR2032纽扣电池为例,指出大多数电路更接近恒流而非恒功率负载,并强调电池容量以毫安时(电荷量)而非能量来度量更为合理。文章深入分析了电池内阻、电压跌落、自放电、温度影响等非理想特性,并给出了从测量技术、电路设计到元器件选型的实用建议:包括自制零压降电流测量电路、PCB漏电流测试、电容和二极管选型注意事项,以及MCU休眠和唤醒策略。核心观点是:在设计时需为电压跌落预留充足余量,并充分理解电池在低温、低电量状态下的性能退化。

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